yokeless axial flux machines is a lot shorter compared to a radial flux machine. In the latter machines, the flux must \u201ctake a bend\u201d in both the stator and the rotor, unlike in axial flux machines where the electromagnetic flux follows a straight path through the stator. Therefore, a stator yoke is not needed.\u202f\u202f<\/span><\/p>\nAs an additional benefit, this straight stator flux path further enables the use of so-called \u201cgrain oriented\u201d steel in the magnetic cores. This type of electrical steel has lower losses compared to the non-grain oriented type, which is the only option for radial flux machines. The application of grain oriented steel has so far been limited to high-efficiency power transformers.\u202f\u202f<\/span><\/p>\nObviously, a yokeless machine still has a rotor yoke, but the big difference with a stator yoke is that the rotor yoke inherently spins at the same speed as the rotating magnetic field. This implies that the rotor yoke sees a lot less alternating field compared to a stator yoke, resulting in an order of magnitude less iron losses.\u202f\u202f<\/span>By omitting the stator yoke, there\u2019s much less steel in the stator, making the machine lighter. This is the first factor which increases the power density of the machine.\u202f\u202f<\/span>Less steel also means that less heat is produced through iron losses. This enables a higher flux density in the stator without increasing overall iron loss, which is the second factor increasing the torque density of the machine.\u202f <\/span>Additionally, using less steel lowers the manufacturing cost and the CO2 footprint of the machine.\u202f\u202f<\/span><\/p>\nWinding Topology<\/strong><\/h2>\n